Charlie Chaplin Essays (525 words) - Chaplin Family, Charlie Chaplin

Charlie Chaplin Charlie Chaplin Charles Spencer Chaplin was born in Walworth, London on April 16, 1889. His parents, Charles and Hannah Chaplin were music hall performers in England, his father was quite well know in the profession. Charlie had one sibling, a brother named Sydney. At a very early age Charlie was told that someday he would be the most famous person in the world. Charlie first appeared onstage at the age of six as an unscheduled substitute for his mother. When his performance was over the audience was throwing money up onto the stage, they loved him, and he was on his way to being the most famous person in he world. Charlie had a very difficult childhood, by the time he had performed onstage for the first time his father had already left home permently. In June of 1896 Charlie, Sydney and their mother were forced to enter the Lambeth Workhouse for the poor. Soon after the two boys were sent to Hanwell School for Orphans and Destitute Children. Two years later after Charlies mother had a breakdown he and Sydney went to live with their father and his mistress. In the same year Charlie joined the dancing troupe, the Eight Lancashire Lads. Which eventually led to his parts in Sherlock Holmes and a few other parts. At the same time his brother Sydney had joined the famous Fred Karno Company and there he quickly became a leading player and writer. Late in the year 1900 Charlie is cast as a cat in a production of Cinderella at the London Hippodrome. Less than a month later his father died from Alcoholism. Soon afterwards his mother Hannah is committed to the Cane Hill Asylum, and never completely recovers her sanity. For almost the next ten years Charlie performs in various rolls throughout Europe. In September of 1910 Charlie leaves Europe with the Karno Troupe for a tour in the United States and Canada. Over the next fifty-six years Chaplin stars in, directs, produces, and composes music for countless films in America and throughout the world. The most notable of the se films would be, The Tramp (1915) and The Kid (1921). On October 23, 1918 Chaplin married Mildred Harris. In the same year as The Kid Charlie gives his mother a home in California where she dies on April 28, 1928. From 1952 to 1972 Charlie did not visit the United States for a multitude of reasons, one reason being, Charlie was accused of being a Communist by a McCarthyite. Throughout his time Charlie's life was filled with scandals, he was married four times and one of which, to Paulette Goddard is still filled with mystery. Charlie was awarded quite a few honors, including; The Actors Guild Award, an honorary Oscar, the Golden Lion Statuette, and an Oscar. The New York Film Critics vote Chaplin the best actor of the year award in 1940, but he turned it down. And to top everything off was Knighted by Queen Elizabeth 11, of England. Charlie died on Christmas day 1977 at 4:00 A.M. at his estate in Switzerland at the age of eighty-eight. Biographies

DTLLS Unit Seven The WritePass Journal

DTLLS Unit Seven Introduction DTLLS Unit Seven IntroductionPart 2:Part 3:Part 3, 4References:Related Introduction It is unquestionable that each individual requires idiosyncratic conditions to nourish a growth and development that will turn them into the person they become. These conditions are provided through the institute of education through comprehensive knowledge of the educational infrastructure and the requirements and variety of qualities that each student presents. Looking at myself, I can say that my learning environment was the most crucial part of my life, encouraging me to step into the world and pursue a career I enjoy. It proved efficient in establishing personal competence, social and qualitative skills, as well as allowing proficient gains in knowledge and autonomy. Since learning is a continuous process in an individual’s life, the qualities carried influence following stages and hence the importance of methods of teaching and evaluation is consequential. The contribution of learning to economic growth is one of many challenges in our society today. Teachers have a large impact on the skills and developmental skills student’s carry with them to aspire to a career into that sector. It is crucial to provide student with more than just facts but the tools that will ‘increase aspirations and awareness of the value of skills to them’ (Leitch Review of Skills Final Report, 2006). As study shows that our out-of-class experiences are just as important as the ones we learn in class (George D. Kuh, 1995). They have an increasing influence on the way things are viewed in the curriculum and that leads me to the conclusion that students with less social ability may be at a higher risk of employing a career in which they are less defined compared to those with higher sociability that would pursue careers that are suitable to their defined characteristic’s and abilities.   Therefore, treating each student individually wi ll encourage those individuals that are unable to flourish within their environments to identify themselves and accept achievements and skills in pursuit of specific careers. Furthermore, Dewey provides an understanding on reflection on such experiences and its importance in promoting a more complex and interrelated mental schema (Wertenbroch Nabeth, 2000). It generally helps to sum up knowledge from experiences and education and construct it mentally and use it in professional practice and to understand the world. To guide persons into higher order thinking through the skills learned in class is a significant target. Lack of it can be a result of environment, learning and reduced tasks of reflection. As an educator I believe reflection is integral in the lifelong learning process and to encourage it is to encourage promotion in economical growth. By adding depth to the meanings of observations and descriptions made in class it is possible to relate to the individual and reach the acquired goal in this specific area. The methods employed in class will improve personal development and enhance the interest in learning as a whole. Using descriptive writing reports, which allow the students to reason based on their personal judgment and encourage problem solving, is an essential. As to the facts, Hatton Smith reported four activities that aid the process of reflection: Action research projects, case and cultural studies, practical experiences, structured curriculum tasks like reading fiction and non-fiction as well as oral interviews and keeping journals. Community regeneration can be made through advancements in the institute of education and better teachers with a more rounded understanding of the world. Part 2: Waves of change have been implemented in the educational sector and our perception of it and the ability to cope with it have proved difficult. Policy can be viewed as the method of bettering and increasing the opportunities for learners in order for them to acquire qualifications and improve their capabilities. However, it has been a challenge for the sector to mend the system in a way that is equally beneficial to both the staff and the students. Some say: Changing the way things are done does not necessarily change either the ultimate outputs of the system or the underlying principles that characterize the sector. These principles lie in the cultural and professional values and the societal expectations that underpin the system at the macro-scale. (Lumby and Foskett, 2005:27). On the other hand, some believe it can destroy the system: â€Å"Commitment to the learners may not, however, be enough to help staff cope with the pressures of further waves of change.†(Paper, 2005) Agreeably, it is a large responsibility that the teaching staff must take on but it is nevertheless a high target to attain especially when it is constantly changing. Having said this, it is obvious in the current educational society, reforms made have a strong impact on the teaching staff and eventually trickling down to the students. To maintain the principles previously mentioned you must diligently teach without forgetting the why and which questions that strongly affect a minority of students whilst teaching a group for example. So it can be said that these fluctuations effect students and the teachers, which seems somewhat counterproductive to achieve a more efficient educational system. The major problem now is that because of funding cuts, schools and their staff are unable to further use equipment and facilities to achieve new and exciting methods of teaching younger student, which limits student interest and inevitably lack of interest in education as a whole. The effects that educational reform have on the learning circle produces different repercussions with the younger ones with comparison to the older students it has been seen throug h some studies that adjustments in examination style or just general curriculum changes proves difficult to adjust to. Therefore it is wise to take extra caution in primary school classes in order to guide the children appropriately and through educational standards allow them to feel stable. To further enforce, it is the responsibility of the teaching staff to not let reforms affect the teaching in the classroom. Furthermore, it is mandatory to view the way changes in the past have allowed us to cope with the changes that will come in the future. Currently, the educational climate has been continually changing to establish a more equipped foundation for each current climate and the challenges they face. The advantage of this is that it has given teachers and staff of today a better understanding of how to prepare and acclimatize to change without major impact on teaching and student.   Past teaching experiences have shown that during changes in the system, there is a great deal of confusion in curriculum and teaching, which has made the transition to the new system harder for teachers to cope with and ultimately effect the students learning. Under initiative leadership, all staff members are expected to take responsibility for the successes of the teaching and implementation, which by definition portray a high priority on improving and maintaining an effective educational system. Leadership in a participative group will be matched to the tasks identified by the group, and leaders will emerge with sanction from the group. Thanks to past generations of teaching faculty we have consciously learnt that all levels of education in this country are primarily about teaching without recognizing what is required to develop a highly functional group.   Students don’t have a primary role in what is to be taught. Students wait to be told what to do and how this is to be achieved.   Teaching, instigated by the authorities, places the student in a strict relationship with the teacher and their teachers only. Fortunately there are some good teachers who encourage and facilitate learning, but we have mostly teachers who tell their students what has been decided they need to study and learn in the classroom. Finally, constructive learning is a personal journey, resulting from the maintenance of a steady practice and of personal motivation.   Learning that is the way forward in education and an adventure essentially under the control of the individual, encircled by the developmental capabilities that are e ncountered throughout the course, and with time and maturation is constricted somewhat by the method and course of experiences open to the teacher and student. Part 3: Evaluation has always been a key and a significant role in successfully maintaining a constructive and adherent learning environment. It allows the teacher and the teaching staff to better understand the fluctuations of student understanding and of specific subjects at specific times during the educational year. It allows for struggling students to understand their difficulties and with the teachers help better their understanding, it allows for exceeding students to push their learning capacity and achieve higher than expectations. Evaluation has always been, and always will be a key, decisive and imperative pillar in education. However some faculties in the educational society believe that by early evaluation of students since the age of 6 in their first year of primary school have many downfalls to it including stress, teacher’s favouritism and students not enjoying the time they have in school which ultimately defies the concept of learning and teaching as a whole. Although this may be true in some instances, because of early evaluation we have been able to identify students at an early age who have learning difficulties and attend to their needs, we have also been able to aspire students to achieve great thing with a knowing understanding of what needs to be accomplished leading to a great deal of increase in applications for university in the past few years. Having said this, evaluation has also been a significant and key way of better understanding the curriculum and changes in the curriculum and most importantly how the staff has taught this curriculum. This has proved as a very useful tool during educational reform when evaluating teachers has helped to better orientate themselves during implementation of new curriculum. It has also provided an outline as to how faculties are able to organize their teaching plans, class schedules, extra curricula activities and many other vital and important issues concerned in school. Moreover this has been in some way a guideline to the educational society in the government as to whether or not different syllabi have proved effective enough and consequences of these results. This has been done in a very constructive method to provide goals and targets for both students and teachers in order to create a more efficient and opportunity giving educational climate. This having been said evaluation of teachers and students in particular especially from GCSE’s until university and further education learning has proved troublesome and in some instances farfetched. University and colleges entrance requirements have increased significantly as have grading systems in college, so much so that a new great boundary has been created for the top achievers. This can be said to increase the gap between students in the same classes and often provide teachers difficulty in assessing how to teach a wide range of students with different understandings of the specific subject. Part 3, 4 In my teaching area, learners’ feedback and views are crucially important in determining what’s needed to improve their learning and therefore successfully reaching their goals in education. But I also highly value colleagues and head teacher opinions as this would help me improve my teaching methods and provide a high standard of education as well as following a set of quality assurance policies by which the work is continually monitored, which include self-assessments, reviews meetings by colleagues, recording data regarding success rate, attendance, in year retention†¦ References: Leitch Review of Skills: Prosperity for all in the global economy-world class skills, Dec 2006-Page 17. The Other Curriculum: Out-of-Class Experiences Associated with Student Learning and Personal Development Author(s): George D. Kuh. The Journal of Higher Education, Vol. 66, No. 2 (Mar. Apr., 1995), pp. 123-155 businessballs.com/traindev.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personal_development http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lifelong_learning http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Learning_and_Skills_Council http://issuu.com/snatchmo/docs/unit_7_wider_professional_practice_draft_2003_for_ Lumby and Foskett, 2005:27 Paper, 2005 10.   Reflective Practice in the lifelong learning sector, Jodi Roffey-Barensten R.Malthouse

Failure of McDonalds Company in Entering China Market Essay - 1

Failure of McDonalds Company in Entering China Market - Essay Example According to the research findings, a market is defined as the group of potential customers with similar needs who are willing to purchase goods and services towards the satisfaction of these needs. Potential entrants need to focus on the customers and come up with proper marketing mixes to a particular target market. The paper highlights recommendations that are available for proper entry and successful implementation of the company in the new market. McDonalds Corporation is a chain of fast food restaurants whose client base is 68 million customers across 119 states and over 35,000uotlets. The multi-national headed by Steve Easterbrook predominantly sells hamburgers, chicken, sandwiches, soft drinks, desserts breakfast items, salads, wraps, vegetarian items and other localized fares. Despite their seasonal deviations in certain states, the chain is subject to regional food taboos such as religious prohibition and is employed to avail products with which the regional market is more familiar such as beer in Germany, prawn in Ebi or burger in Singapore. The Corporation operates in 118 countries and serves around 168 million customers with an employment rate of 2million people. Among the states relates to Mexico, Germany, Europe, China and predominantly in the US where the company is the largest fast foods restaurant with a 96.5% market share. McDonald's has a 15% market share, and an approximate of 1750 stores in China as well as a command of 40 million worth of profits. It successful entry in other states such as Europe has led to operations in brands other than restaurants such as Piles Cafà ©. The company has expanded over the last 25 years to cover various states and currently holds 300 million worth of revenue and 30% of the US GDP.

Eyck, Jan van The Arnolfini Portrait 1434; oil on oak Essay

Eyck, Jan van The Arnolfini Portrait 1434; oil on oak - Essay Example For such a function, an aim is essential, and thus agency – the artist and this has been richly applied in the artwork as it will be seen in the subsequent discussions. The formalist theory of art states that one is supposed to focus only on the formal properties of art--the "form" not the "content". Those formal properties may take account of, the visual arts, color, form, and line, and, for the musical arts, beat and synchronization. Artist who use this theory in their artwork do not deny that works of art might have content, representation, or narrative-rather, they refute that those things are appropriate in one’s ability to be thankful for or be aware of art (Frank, Patrick, and Preble, 5). Finally, Preble’s discussed the historical theories of art which asserts that for something to be art, it must bear some relationship to existing works of art. The accurate extension of ‘art’ at time t (the present) take account of all the works at time t-1 and in addition any works produced in the gone time. In order for these extra works to be ‘art’ they must put up with a likeness or relation to those formerly recognized artworks. Such a description appear to beg the question of where this hereditary status came from, and that is why historical descriptions of art are obliged to also take account of a disjunctive for first art: Something is art if it contains a historical relation to earlier artworks or it is first art. The Arnolfini Portrait is a painting made on oak panel using oil and its history is though to be in the year 1434 by the Early Netherlands painter Jan van Eyck. People have coined their own different words to identify and name the paining. It has been called The Arnolfini Wedding, or Marriage or the Portrait of Giovanni Arnolfini and his Wife, along with other titles. The size of the painting is approximated to be a little full-length double portrait. History has it

Downtown Denver Water Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Downtown Denver Water - Research Paper Example This is because in the recent past, there have been reports of health hazards on the same. A scenario in the year 2012 saw more than 100,000 people drink contaminated water which raised concerns in the public domain. A high percentage of these cases were reported in the demography that included small locations and districts (denverpost.com). In the year that was 2008, there was a virus related i.e. salmonella epidemic which affected a very large group of people. Its victims suffered from chronic diarrhea and vomiting. Out of a sample of 400 infected people studied, one succumbed. This saw it being reported as the worst case of water epidemic reported since the early 2000s. The cause of the epidemic was reportedly from depleted infrastructure with instances where some pipes had not even been inspected or replaced for a prolonged duration unlike what is expected. Cracked water storage tanks and unattended inspection requirements with a case that a storage tank had not been inspected fo r more than ten years prior to the outbreak of the epidemic (epa.gov). Other causes involved cases where the drinking water tower had loose sealing that saw contaminants having direct contact with the water. There were instances where squirrels and bird droppings were found in storage tanks due to lack of proper lids and sealing on the same. This made the concerned agency bring out policies that required use of bottled water by residents and drinking of boiled water in as much as some people did not take the caution seriously, it was a shot the administration was willing to take. This made the concerned agency bring out policies that required use of bottled water by residents and drinking of boiled water in as much as some people did not take the caution seriously, it was a shot the administration was willing to take. This made the concerned agency bring out policies that required use of bottled water by residents and drinking of boiled water in as much as some people did not take t he caution seriously, it was a shot the administration was willing to take. In the year ending 2012, the administration administered more than 60 orders to push for people to boil water which has seen the number of water related hazards reports go down. The other contributor to this ill as was established was that there was poor planning in terms of the water supply system and the sewer system. During the establishment of the town, some settlement that was not meant for human habitat was occupied. A good example was a golf course that was turned into a residential area. Due to the mere fact that the water supply of the same was meant for golf course irrigation, the new demand overwhelmed it. This has seen failure of the infrastructure with reports of worn out pipes characterized with corrosion effects as a result of non-maintenance and the huge strain on the facility (denverpost.com). As a measure to restore the glory days of the area, the concerned administration has established me asures and policies to redeem the state. In the recent years there have been a lot of investment in the water infrastructure where for instances more than a billion dollar has been used since the year 2005 in improving the water systems.(U.S Environmental protection Agency) the target of the said investments in the water system is to see more that 90 percent of the Denver residents access safer drinking water as required by the EPA. The

Pak Elektron Limited (PEL) Mission And Vision Statements

Pak Elektron Limited (PEL) Mission And Vision Statements Overview Of PEL Company Pak Elektron Limited (PEL) is one of the pioneer producers of electrical goods in Pakistan. It came into being in 1956 in technical cooperation with M/s AEG of Germany. In 1978, the company was bought by Saigol Group of Companies. Since its foundation, the company has been contributing on the way to the advancement and progress of the engineering sector in Pakistan by launching a range of excellence quality electrical equipments and also home appliances and also by producing hundreds of engineers, expert workers and technicians in the course of its apprenticeship schemes system and training programmes. PEL Company Divisions The PEL Company consist of two divisions: Appliances Division Power Division APPLIANCES DIVISION This Division of PEL consists of appliances manufacturing. PEL Air Conditioners There are two types of PEL Air Conditioners: Window Type Air Conditioners PEL window Type air conditioners were launch in 1981 in technical partnership with General Corporation of Japan. Since of their launch, PEL air conditioners have a top position in Pakistan market. Cooling performance of PEL air conditioners has been tested and approved by Copeland and ITS USA. Split Type Air Conditioners As the time goes on, customers demand changes according to their needs. With the shift of customers preference from window to split -type of air conditioners, PEL has started producing split type air conditioners. PEL Refrigerators Refrigerator manufacturing is also very important invention in the electronic devices history. PEL company started manufacturing of refrigerators in the mid of 1986 and 1987 in the technical collaboration with Ms SILTAL of Italy. PELs refrigerators demand is also very high in market same as the air conditioners. At present, PEL Crystal has more than 30 % market share in Pakistan. PEL refrigerators cooling performance is tested and approved by Germany, Danfoss and also its manufacturing facility is IS0 9002 certified by SGS Switzerland. PEL Deep Freezers In 1987 in technical collaboration with Ms Ariston of Italy PEL introduced Deep Freezers. For the reason that of high quality and durability, PEL deep freezers are the preferred choice of the giant companies like Unilever. PEL Televisions With the passage of time needs of a common man increased. Television becomes very popular in the mid of 19 century, so PEL company decided to manufacture PEL Televisions. Competitor of PEL Appliances Air Conditioners: General Ltd. Daiken Waves National Dawlance Sharp LG Refrigerator: Dawlance Phillips Sharp Samsung LG Deep Freezer Waves Candy Dawlance Television: Sony Phillips Panasonic PEL Power Division PEL Power Division based on three plants. These are Transformer Plant, Switch Gear and Energy Meter Plant. These three plants are now ISO 9001:2000 Certified. PEL Power Division manufactures transformers, Kiosks, shunt capacitor banks, energy meters, switchgears etc. These all electrical goods are assembled under strict quality control and also in accordance with Electric International Standards. PEL is one of the biggest electrical equipment suppliers to the largest power companies of Pakistan: Water and Power Development Authority (WAPDA) Karachi Electrical Supply Corporation (KESC) For many years, PEL Companys electrical equipments have been used in several power scheme of national importance with in Pakistan. PEL Company also has the heritage of getting its equipment agreed and authorized from well-reputed international specialists such as: Preece, Cardew and Rider, England Harza Engineering Company, USA Snam Progeti, Italy Societe Dumezm, France In spite of solid competition from up-and-coming local and multinational brands, PEL Groups Company of appliances and electrical equipments have remained in the attention due to continuous innovation. Strategic affiliation with multinationals of repute have allowed the PEL Group of Companies to incorporate advance technologies into present product ranges, thus providing the Pakistani market entrance to innovative, quality products and affordable. Energy Meters Single-Phase Energy Meters PEL manufactures Electro-mechanical Energy Meters under licence from ABB (USA). The quality of PEL meters has been certified by KEMA Laboratories (Holland) and conforms to IEC 521. Moreover, PEL Energy Meter plant is ISO 9001:2000 certified by SGS Yarsley, U.K. PEL type M8C is a direct connect single-phase meter. The design and constructional features include overload compensation, temperature compensation and self-cleaning, non-aging and tamper resistant magnetic bearing system. Thus providing maintenance-free operation over a longer period and accurate measurement of electrical energy. The frame is sturdy in construction and enclosed in unbreakable high-impact polycarbonate plastic security box. Ratings Voltage Frequency 10(40)A 240V 50Hz Poly-Phase Energy Meters PEL type C8L is a direct connect poly-phase energy meter having improved load performance and accuracy over a wide load range. All meter parts are corrosion protected for long-term reliability. Like single phase energy meters C8L also possesses non-aging, self-cleaning magnetic bearing system, which ensures virtually frictionless operation of the rotor while withstanding abuse from surges and magnetic tampering. The meter is available in high impact polycarbonate security box, which is extended type and completely shrouds service cables. Ratings Voltage Frequency 15(90)A 3*230/400V 50Hz Three Phase Solid State Energy Meter Three Phase Multi-rate Solid State Energy Meter (PE3-D) is used for the measurement of energy in three phase four wire networks. It is a direct connect meter that complies with the IEC 62052-11, IEC 62053-21 (IEC 61036) and optionally with the standards. PE3-D meters are manufactured in compliance with the ISO 9001 standards. Ratings Voltage Frequency 10(100)A 3*230/400V 50Hz Three Phase Solid State LT Type CT and HT Type CT PT Operated Energy Meter PE3-C is 3-phase 4-wire, multi-functional electronic meter with the accuracy of Class 1 for active energy and Class 2 for reactive energy measurement. It is connected Via CTs PTs. Meter complies with the IEC 62052-11, IEC 62053-21 (IEC 61036), IEC 62053-23 ISO 9001 standards. LT Type CT Operated Ratings Voltage Frequency 10(100)A 3*230/400V 50Hz Single Phase Solid State Energy Meter PE1-6 is single phase meter designed to meet the needs of domestic users. It supports single wire operation providing maximum security against tempering. PE1-6 conforms to IEC 62053-21 IEC 62052-11 and ISO 9001:2000 standard requirements. Ratings Voltage Frequency 10(40) A 230V 50Hz PLACE: (DISTRIBUTION) Mostly Producer use intermediaries to bring their products to market.   They try to forge a distribution channel a set of inter dependent organizations involves in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption by the consumer or business user. Channel Levels: Disrtibution Channels can be described by the numbers of channel levels involved.   PEL uses both of the two major Marketing channels. Direct Marketing Channel: Its a marketing channel that has a no intermediary levels.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   PELs power division uses this type of channels.   Its major clients are large organizations and not the end user.   So people from these organization directly contact PELs marketing department of power division when tenders are flooded, design, specification and price are discussed.   Indirect Marketing Channel: It is a marketing channel containing one or more intermediary levels.   PELs appliances division works this way.   These products are sole through authorized dealer shops or PELs own outlets. DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM: Appliance Division: PEL has got a very effective distribution system that ensures the widespread supply of companys product through out the country for the sake of proper management. Zone  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Area Covered Northern Zone  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Punjab and N.W.F.P Southern Zone  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Sind and Baluchistan REGIONS The zones have been further divided in to six different regions. Karachi Multan Lahore Gujranwala Rawalpindi Faisal-Abad The distribution process at PEL Appliance is being looked after by the following personal. 1.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   National Manager Sales (NMS) National Manager Sales (NMS) mainly responsible for watching the functioning of all Regional Managers Sales, Area Sales Officer and   Sales Office at the National Level. 2.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Regional Manager Sales (RMS) Managers Sales (RMS) controls sales in his specific region and is the connecting link of all area offices currently the company has two controlling operation in Multan Region. 3.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Area Sales Officers   (ASO) Area sales officer is responsible for making contacts with dealers product display and looking orders in his specific area.   The company has at present seven ASOs Managaging operations in Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Multan, Bahawalpur, Lahore etc. 4.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Sales Officers (SO) Sales officer (SO) looks after the sale operation in particular city.   Currently there are four sales officers two in Lahore, one in Faisalabad and Gujranwala each. 5.  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Assistant Manager Sales (ASM) Assistant Manager Sales (ASM) looks after the proper functions of sales in Southern Zone.   Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   POWER DIVISION: For Power product there are no particular personal to deal with the distribution.   Sales procedure for power division is as follow. Sales Procedure Since the major buyer of PEL in Power Product is Government Sector, the sales procedure of Power/marketing department is quite different from Appliance/Marketing Department. The main steps involved in sales/marketing procedure of Power Division are: Bid Submission Bid opening Bid Evaluation Letter of Indent(LOI) Billing PRICE: Power Division Pricing Procedure: First the tender is received which shows the demand of the product. It is send to the production department. They make calculations about material cost, labor costs and Factory overhead, further taxes and duties are also calculated. Investment is calculated Then gross margin is added. Gross Margin= Labor Cost + FOH + Profit+ Financial cost + Miscellaneous cost   Financial cost is found out Term and conditions may be different in some cases. Appliances Division Price Procedures Sales tax, Octroi, excise duty is calculated above the cost of production. There is also a pricing trend depending on the models most demanded. Price is charged according to demand. Consumer product forces also show seasonal, variation i.e., their prices raise during wedding season and before Eid-ul Azha and   Eid-ul-fitar. PROMOTION MIX Pak Electron Limited uses advertising personal selling, sales promotion and public relations to pursue its advertising and marketing objectives. Appliances Division: To achieve the sales objectives To increase recall To restore the message in the customer mind. PEL has different Advertising messages for different products. Media for Advertising: There are three types of media on which advertisement are given: Electronic Media In the electronic media, POEL is using PTV,STN, PTV World. Print Media National and local Newspaper Magazines and Periodicals Out-Door Media à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Normal Boarding à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Neo-signs Incentive Schemes for Customer and Retailers. BBB.jpeg For attracting dealers and potential customers, Pak Electron Limited (PEL use the Pull and Push Strategy. PEL dont have too many outlets and does its major selling through the dealers and retailers, some of the incentives given to the dealers are: A Credit of 60 days. Rs.400/ set if dealer sells a certain amount of sets in six month. Pel gave a car to the dealers if they achieve the set target. Air Conditioners: à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Against the sale of 50 air conditioners discount is Rs.200/unit à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Against the sale of 50 air conditioners discount is Rs.400/unit. Refrigerator: à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   For sale of 150 or more refrigerators, the dealer is awarded with a Dubai Tour. All above schemes are changing according to period. POWER DIVISION Advertising Since power division is involved in industrial or direct selling to some big customers, its Promotional and advertising strategies are quite different from appliance division. Personal Selling:   The other promotional activity that the company takes on is personal relating company representative visit their existing and potential clients and describe the technical aspects and unique selling feature of their products. Public Relation /publicity: PEL tries to build its image among its consumers, personal and general public.   This because reputation of the business in recent years considerably tansnished. Almost no segment of business has escaped the attacks of activities identified with the social cause such as consumerism, environmentalism, employees safety etc. Management of (PEL) considers value of public relationing in promotion mix because à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   It is quite inexpensive à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Public relations can generated sale leads à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Public relationing has more creditability the advertisement In so far as publicity is concerned (PEL) is not using promotional tool effectively, sometimes press releases are published but there is no as such publicity by PEL.   However, some activity is taking place.   That consists of sponsorships of school cricket teams.   But more needs to be done about it. PRODUCT: PRODUCTS 1. Air Conditioners 2.   Refrigerator 3.   Deep freezer   4. Microwaves 5. Washers MODELS Imported (2) National/Sharp Above 40 Models Single-door/Twin 20 Liter to 52 Liter. Spinner Without spinner /Computerized Dawlance has an effective Product Development Division so they bring new and effective changes in their models.   They claim that they have first introduces Anti-Moisture Tubes   in their refrigerators, first introduced metallic sheet and have a very effective compressor having 5 pipes which give 100% results at 52 Centigrade. So they claim that they have strong RD Division. PLACEMENT:   Dawlance also use intermediaries to bring their products to market. Dowlance does not divide the customers into institutional buyer and business/consumer users. They sell for all and treated equally. Distribution channels can be described by the number of channel levels involved.   Dawlance uses both of the tow major Marketing channels. Direct Marketing Channels (No intermediary level) Indirect Marketing Channels (Containing one or more intermediary level) Distribution System Dawlance has got a very effective distribution system that ensures the widespread supply of companys product through out the country for the sake of proper management. ZONES Northern Zone Southern Zone REGIONS / BRANCHES 15 Branches all over the country. The distribution process at Dawlance is being looked after by the following personal. à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   National Sales Manager (NSM) National Sales Manager (NSM) mainly responsible for watching the functioning of all Branch Managers Sales, Area Sales Officer and   Sales Office at the National Level. à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Branch Manager Controls sales in his specific Branch and is the connecting link of all area offices currently the company has 15 Branch Manager all over the country. à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Area Sales Officers   (ASO) Area sales officer is responsible for making contacts with dealers product display and looking orders in his specific area.   The company has at present having ASOs Managing operations in all the branches. PRICING BASIS Sales tax, Octroi, excise duty is calculated above the cost of production. There is also a pricing trend depending on the models most demanded. Price is charged according to demand. Consumer product forces also show seasonal, variation i.e., their prices raise during wedding season and before Eid-ul Azha and   Eid-ul-fitar. PROMOTION MIX Dawlance uses advertising personal selling, sales promotion and public relations to pursue its advertising and marketing objectives. To achieve the sales objectives To increase recall To restore the message in the customer mind. Advertising Dawlance involved in both industrial or direct selling to some big customers, so its Promotional and advertising strategies are quite different from PEL because they also have some specific institutional buyers.   Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Media for Advertising There are three types of media on which advertisement are given: In the electronic media, Dawlance is using PTV, STN, and PTV World. Print Media National and local Newspaper Magazines and Periodical Executive more focus and give priority to print media because viewer dont change the channels as adds comes. à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Out-Door Media Personal Selling: The Dawlances people claim that they have strong network of financial sound and technical-knowledge parties so their company representative visit their   existing and potential clients and describe the technical aspects and unique selling feature of their products. NNN.jpeg Public Relation/publicity: First Dawlance tries to select those dealer and parties who have a strong relations and image among their costumers, personal and general public.   This because reputation of the business in recent years considerably tansnished. Almost no segment of business has escaped the attacks of activities identified with the social cause such as consumerism, environmentalism, employees safety etc. Management considers value of public relationing in promotion mix because it is quite inexpensive public relations can geerated sale leads and has more creditability then advertisement. So far as publicity is concerned is not using promotional tool effectively, because they said that control the publicity massage at a certain level what effect it depends. Dawlance have varieties of incentive schemes to its dealer and business parties so they can attract dealers and potential customer efficiently and effectively. .   PRODUCTS PRODUCTS 1.   Deep freezer   2.   Refrigerator   3 Air Conditioners 4. Cold Bar MODELS Single door Double door/Glass-door Above 13 Models Cool Heat/cool Both Plastic body (SMALL) Institutional Buyers: à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Pepsi Cola International à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Canteen Stores Department (CSDs) à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Coca-Cola à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Be Be Jan Proteins Ltd. à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Pak. Fruit Juice Co.Pvt.Ltd. à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Hico Ice Creame à ¯Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ·Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Departmental storesWAVES PROMOTION MIX Waves also uses advertising personal selling, sales promotion and public relations to pursue its advertising and marketing objectives. To achieve the sales objectives To increase recall To restore the message in the customer mind. Advertising Waves involved in both institutional or direct selling to some big customers, so its Promotional and advertising strategies are quite same as PEL because they also have some specific institutional buyers. .   Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚  Ãƒâ€šÃ‚   Media for Advertising: There are three types of media on which advertisement are given: Electronic Media In the electronic media, Dowlance is using PTV,STN, PTV World. Print Media National and local Newspaper Magazines and Periodical Out-Door Media Personal Selling: The other promotional activity that the company takes on is personal relating company representative visit their existing and potential clients and describe the technical aspects and unique selling feature of their products. Public Relation/publicity: Waves have completive edge over dowlance and PEL because of its lower prices and having a strong relations and image among their institutions, costumers, personal and general public.   This because reputation of the business in recent years considerably tansnished. Almost no segment of business has escaped the attacks of activities identified with the social cause such as consumerism, environmentalism, employees safety etc. Management considers value of public relationing in promotion mix because it is quite inexpensive public relations can generated sale leads and has more creditability then advertisement. PEL have also varieties of incentive schemes for institutions (customers) dealer and business parties so they can attract them on the basis of these pull and push strategies. BBBB.jpeg

Free Hamlet Essays: Deceit and the Downfall of Hamlet :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Deceit and the Downfall of Hamlet Deceit is a major cause of the downfall of Hamlet. This is demonstrated in three instances in the play. First, Polonius spies on Hamlet while he is talking privately with his mother Gertrude. Second, Claudius sends Hamlet away to England. Finally, Laertes and Claudius scheme to kill Hamlet. The first way that deceit leads to the eventual downfall of Hamlet is Polonius' spying. In Act III, scene iii, Polonius decides to help the king by spying on Hamlet and his mother when he says, "My lord, [the king] he's going to his mothers closet. Behind the arras I'll convey myself to hear the process." (III; iii; 28 - 29) In Act III, scene iv, Polonius gets his chance and listens to a conversation between Hamlet and his mother, hoping that Hamlet would confide something in his mother that could be used against him. Unfortunately for Polonius, Hamlet hears him behind the curtain, and (thinking that Polonius is actually a spying King Claudius) immediately stabs and kills him. This event contributes to Hamlet's downfall because Claudius is able to use it as an excuse to send Hamlet away to England. Officially, the king sends Hamlet away, "for thine especial safety," (IV; iii; 37) with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern because the murder might earn him some enemies. Privately though, Claud ius plans to have Rosencrantz and Guildenstern go with Hamlet to convey a message to the King of England that Hamlet is to be executed. In addition, by sending Hamlet away, Claudius is protecting himself because Hamlet is, "loved of the distracted multitude [the public]." (IV; iii; 4) So, if Hamlet were to show the people that Claudius had killed Hamlet's father, then they might believe him, and as a result, overthrow and kill Claudius. Thus, the downfall is that Claudius wants Hamlet dead. In addition, if Claudius' plan works, then Hamlet dies and his father’s death would not be avenged. So, if Polonius had not spied on Hamlet and Gertrude, Hamlet would not have killed Polonius and thus, Claudius would not have a good enough excuse to send Hamlet away to England. Fortunately for Hamlet, Claudius' deceit fails. This deceit, however, still does contribute to the eventual downfall of Hamlet. Aboard the ship to England, Hamlet discovers Claudius' message being sent by Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. Hamlet explains later, "Groped I to find out them, [Rosencrantz and Guildenstern] had my desire, fingered their packet, and in fine withdrew.